Materials Related to the Black
English Speakers and Isleños of Honduras
Part III-- F.
Biographies of Distinguished Honduran Black English Speakers, G.
Books by Authors of Mixed Garifuna and Black English Speaker Background, H. White English speakers on the
North Coast and in the Bay Islands of Honduras
F. Biographies
of Distinguished Honduran Black English Speakers
Griffin, Wendy (2014)
“Afro-Central American Authors and Musicians Often Have Family Ties to Atlanta
and Caribbean” HondurasWeekly.com (Antonieta Maximo, Sabas Whittaker)
Griffin, Wendy (2014)
“The Power of a Dream” HondurasWeekly.com (about Dorn Ebanks, currently the Mayor
of the county of Roatan, Bay Islands, Honduras for the Liberal party.)
Griffin,
Wendy (2014) “Diasporas
Mulitiples: Unas historias de las Familias de 6 Autores Afro-Hondureños con
conexiones a Nueva York, Atlanta, Miami, Chicago, y Hartford, Connecticut” Paper given at SALALM conference in Salt Lake
City, May 2014. The Black English speaker descendants who were Afro-Honduran
authors included Sabas Whittaker (resides in Hartford,Conneticut,His aunt lives
in New York City and his wife studies in New York City), Antonieta Maximo
(splits her time between New York City and Honduras), and Scott Wood (Miskito
Indian whose grandfather was a Black American from Chicago). The summary of this talk is on
www.crisisderechoshumanoshonduras2015.blogspot.com
Griffin, Wendy (2014)”Honduran Garifuna Women Write Tender
and Elegant Poetry” Unpublished article. Includes Xiomara Cacho and Antonieta
Maximo whose father was a Garifuna and her mother was a Black English speaker.
Unpublished article which I need to revise per request of Antonieta and her
sister Norma.
Griffin,
Wendy (2014) “Parte I Autores Isleños o Negros de Habla Inglesa y
Parte II Autores Garifunas” on Spanish blog www.crisisderechoshumanoshonduras2015.blogspot.com
(Includes Artlie Brooks, Orlando Addington, Sabas Whittaker, Antonieta Maximo)
www.angelfire.com/cas/mas/sabas/w003.htm/ This is my Honduras this Week article on
Sabas Whittaker on the occasion of the publication of “Africans in the
Americas”.
Wendy Griffin also did a Honduras this Week article on Black
English speaker painter from La Ceiba, Virginia “Virgie” Castillo, whose
mother’s family was from Jamaica and her father was Ladino. Her Jamaican
grandfather was a carpenter and came over to Honduras to build wooden houses
for the Standard Railroad Company, some of which still stand today in the
American zone of La Ceiba, known as Barrio Mazapan.
Sabas Whittaker has also sent me materials on other
distinguished Black English speakers like his brother Overton Whittaker a
distinguished Black journalist in Honduras, US, and in Germany including being
one of the few Black reporters to cover the Vietnam War, a Black English
speaker Mr. Clark who was Honduran Ambassador to Jamaica and resolved peaceably
an incident of the Honduran military killing with mistreatment a Jamaican
sailor in Honduras, the doctor who was the first director of the Puerto Cortes
Hospital. There have also been important
sports people in Honduras like Mr. Yarwood who were Black English speakers, but
like Garifunas, the Black English speakers would like to be known for something
else besides being soccer players. Black English speakers who were lawyers in
Honduras included Kenneth July Brooks of Trujillo and William Logan of Tela.
Mr. Brooks who recently died was the only lawyer in Trujillo that I never Heard
a gringo tell a story about how he lost his case, or cheated him or did his
legal paperwork done, and he did work for some of the gringos. My articles on the Black English speaking
churches in Honduras, much of it was the interview of Rev. Albert Brooks, who
was a Black English speaker from Tela, but he spent much of his 28 year career
as an Episcopal priest at the Episcopal church in La Ceiba. He ended his career
with the Honduran Episcopal Church as priest in San Pedro Sula. The current
bishop of the Honduran Episcopal church in from the Brooks family of Tela also.
Roatan, Bay Islands retired teacher Arnold Auld for whom the
elementary school in Watering Place outside of Coxen Hole was named was a special informant for my book on the
Isleños and also is mentioned as an informant in the study of Bay Islands
dances in David Flores’s book. The story of his Jamaican father immigrating to
Honduras to teach at the bilingual school in Puerto Castilla during the time of
the Truxillo Railroad, marrying a Black Bay Islander and moving to Roatan is
part of my Oral history Project in honor of the 100th anneversary of the
Truxillo Railroad which is on
NABIPLA The Native Bay Islanders Professionals and Laborers
Association, the ethnic federation of the Bay Islanders is mentioned in most of
my Bay Islander related articles, books, and blogs for example on the gains
related to bilingual intercultural education which is on the blog www.crisisderechoshumanoshonduras2015.blogspot.com The leading members included Dorn Ebanks and
Artlie Brooks mentioned above, the recently deceased teacher and church pastor
Marthell Watler, and Randy Webster, now a pastor for the United Methodist
Church in Honduras and has served English speaking congregations in Puerto
Cortes, La Ceiba, and on Roatan. He was working on a material about Bay Islander
music and dance.
The cancellation of NABIPLA’s personaría jurídica or
corporate chárter is in the list of 5,000 ONG’s cancelados scanned from oficial
copies of La Gazeta, the Honduran government’s newspaper of record, on Sergio
Bahr’s blog out of Honduras. It is also
mentioned in my recent HondurasWeekly.com article on what has happened with
Honduras Coconuts (which were dying due to Lethal Yellowing coconut disease).
Matilde Elizabeth (Betty) Meigham’s family’s story is in the
material on The Past, Present and Future of Honduran English speakers. Betty
Meigham taught high school English in Tegucigalpa after she finished most of a
degree in Spanish at the Escuela Superior del Profesorado, wrote textbooks to
teach English in the high school which she self published at home and sold in
the high school, and then went on to teach 25 years as a university profesor of
English at the UNAH after a short time teaching at the UPN. Another UNAH’s
English profesor Rose Ferguson family’s story is also included in the Past,
Present and Future of Honduran English speakers.
7.d Orlando Addington, a Black English speaker from Tela, wrote the book “Happy Land” about the Bronx
fire where many Garifunas were killed.
7.e Artlie Brooks, author of Black Chest. They are included in the files on Afro-Honduran authors
on www.crisisderechoshumanoshonduras2015.blogspot.com
G.
Books by Authors of Mixed Garifuna and Black English Speaker Background
G. 1 Sabas Whittaker
Most of his published Works are on Amazon.com
Whittaker, Sabas Tears of Joy, Peace and Harmony
Whittaker, Sabas, While the Fires Burn Within,
Whittaker, Sabas, Vestiges of a Journey
Whittaker, Sabas, A Song for Valentines, a Song for love
poetry to Our hearts.
In his poetry books some of the poems are by his children
who he would take of during the summer. His daughter Onyana Whittaker is a profesional
graphic designer and designed one of his book covers and had designed his
website when it was up. His poem to his
grandmother who was a White Woman from Gran Cayman married to a Black Caymanian
sailor who died at sea is precious. His
grandmother was the one who moved the family from Gran Cayman to the Bay
islands and later tothe North Coast town of Puerto Cortes.
Whittaker, Sabas (2003) Africans in the Americas Our Journey
throughout the world: The Long African Journey Throughout the World Our History
a Short Stop in the Arena. iUniverse. Very interesting and includes the story
of the Garifunas and relations of Black English speakers and Garifunas and
discusses the issue of racial predjudice in the reporting of results of
research.
Whittaker, Sabas
(2003) Away From the
Field: Now and then…A History Behind the
history in the Treatment of mental health
Whittaker, Sabas ( ) Faith in the Field: A Historical
Religious perspective on the Study of Mental Health.
Plays
He has written several plays most of which have been
produced as fund raising benefits such as for the homeless or people living
with AIDS in Conneticut, for example:
Don’t Look down on your brother if you are not going to help
him up.
He also combines painting exhibitions of his paintings,he
now has over 80, together with poetry readings as a fundraiser. He also designs
wooden furniture.
Cd’s
Second Recording was Eternal
Optimist,
Soul Survival, on Sabby Records
Sabas
Whittaker, Flight Of The Phoenix (Dedicated to Middletown,CT)
(both of these have photos)
He has also been an informant for various investigators
about Black English speakers in Honduras such as the following materials.
Sabas is helping me with a study of Honduran Ethnic Groups
and the Banana Companies, in honor of the 100th Anniversary of the Truxillo
Railroad, also with a series of articles on Afro-Honduran sailors, and also
with information on his brother Overton
Whittaker for a series of articles on Afro-Honduran Journalists. His brother was
one of the few Black reporters who covered the Vietnam War, wrote for newspapers
in Honduras, the US and Germany, and started in Radio on the North Coast of
Honduras.
G.2 Antonieta Máximo
Maximo, Antonieta (2012) Duda, San Pedro Sula: Editorial
Pacura (a book of poems in Spanish)
CD: Nostalgia: Dedicado a los Emigrantes
Pieza de Teatro hecho Video sobre “Human Trafficking” Los hijos de Paca y Elena
El CD
que tengo es dedicado a los inmigrantes, por eso le puse Nostalgia, yo tengo un
CD aqui, pero si puedes sacarle copia al que tienes esta bien en Honduras tengo
el master., salgo hacia Honduras el sabado 15 de marzo. Puedo dejar con mi hijo
los libros que tengo aca y la gente puede ordenarlos dirigiendose a el la
direccion es
A Gonzalo Blanco.Maximo
484 West 43rd Street Apt.21R
New York, NY 10036
A Gonzalo Blanco.Maximo
484 West 43rd Street Apt.21R
New York, NY 10036
Su celular es
646 228-0642
Estoy muy
interesada en hacer presentaciones del libro en las bibliotecas de USA para los
de habla bilingue. si sabes de algun interesado me avisas o le das mis datos.
En el libro mio estan mis datos como parte de mi hoja de vida. It is also
posible to order CD’s with him.
Antonieta’s sister Norma Maximo is the owner and editor of a
newspaper www.elaguilanews.com
7.c Paula Castillo,the Guatemalan Garifuna Singer who has
recorded 8 CD’s in New York City, is
also of mixed Garifuna and Black English speaker descendant, but her family was
from Jamaica while Sabas’s family and Antonieta’s families were from Gran
Cayman. One of her CD’s was on the ENLACE table for donation during the SALALM
conference. See www.BeingGarifuna.com
for more information about her and other Garifuna singers and musicians.
H. White English speakers on the
North Coast and Bay Islands of Honduras
It must be said that there are
also White English speakers in Honduras, including on the North Coast and in
the Bay Islands. There are two published, but scarce, 19th century books about
accompanying or visiting the Southerns who left the US after the Civil War and
settled in the San Pedro Sula area. There is a book from the end of the 19th
century Utila Then and Now, comparing Utila which mostly had white Bay
islanders with European passports in the 1850’s with how it was in the 1890’s which
I read as part of the microfilmed documents from the Honduran National Archives
at the University of Pittsburgh.
Examples of White English
Speakers in the Truxillo RR Oral History project
Gilberto Izcoa, Elizeth Payne,
John Moran, and I all parts of the history of the Melhados, a Jamaica Sephardic
Jewish family which moved to Honduras after slavery ended in Jamaica. After
briefly being involved with the opal fields in Erandique Lempira, one branch of
the family settled in Trujillo where they were the British Consuls, Lloyds of
London brokers, importers and retail merchants, and at one point both mayor of
Trujillo and British Consul. Another branch of the family settled in Belize
where they were also British Consuls and so ships between Honduras and Europe
usually went from Trujillo to Belize and then Cuba, and then onward. Stories
about them are some of the ones included n the Oral History Project on the
occassion of the 100th anneversary of the Truxillo Railroad project. Johnny Glynn’s family in Trujillo is another
white English speaking family that looms large in the stories of the Garifunas
during the period of the Truxillo Railroad and afterwards. Other white English
speakers figure in the stories of interethnic marriages of Miskito Indians like
Miguel Kelly’s father who came with the Truxillo Railroad, the parrents of
Allen, a Ladino now from La Lima whose father came with the Truxillo Railroad,
and the owners of the Wood store in Coxen Hole, Roatan where the man came from
England, worked a time in the banana companies and married a Black English
speaking woman from Roatan. Stories of
Belinda Linton’s family also flit through the histories of the other residents
of Trujillo. Her grandfather and father
were both American immigrants to Honduras. Eduard Conzemius an immigrant from
Luxembourg who is famous for his ethnographies of Honduran and Nicaraguan Miskitos,
Sumus, Pech (Paya), Garifunas, and apparantly left an unpublished manuscript on
the Bay Islands originally came to NE
Honduras as a worker for the Truxillo Railroad. Doris Zemurray Stone was the
daughter of Samuel Zemurray, eventually president of United Fruit Company and
thus owner of the Truxillo Railroad. Her work on the North Coast of Honduras
includes what is still the basic book on North Coast Archaeology and the first
recording (1954) of Garifuna music,including the Garifuna women of Trujillo and
Puerto Castilla and those near Puerto Cortes, and a 1970’s film about Honduras, including a
Garifuna village. Doris Z. Stone spent
much of her childhood in Central America.
Materials Related to the Black
English Speakers and Isleños of Honduras
Part III-- F.
Biographies of Distinguished Honduran Black English Speakers, G.
Books by Authors of Mixed Garifuna and Black English Speaker Background, H. White English speakers on the
North Coast and in the Bay Islands of Honduras
F. Biographies
of Distinguished Honduran Black English Speakers
Griffin, Wendy (2014)
“Afro-Central American Authors and Musicians Often Have Family Ties to Atlanta
and Caribbean” HondurasWeekly.com (Antonieta Maximo, Sabas Whittaker)
Griffin, Wendy (2014)
“The Power of a Dream” HondurasWeekly.com (about Dorn Ebanks, currently the Mayor
of the county of Roatan, Bay Islands, Honduras for the Liberal party.)
Griffin,
Wendy (2014) “Diasporas
Mulitiples: Unas historias de las Familias de 6 Autores Afro-Hondureños con
conexiones a Nueva York, Atlanta, Miami, Chicago, y Hartford, Connecticut” Paper given at SALALM conference in Salt Lake
City, May 2014. The Black English speaker descendants who were Afro-Honduran
authors included Sabas Whittaker (resides in Hartford,Conneticut,His aunt lives
in New York City and his wife studies in New York City), Antonieta Maximo
(splits her time between New York City and Honduras), and Scott Wood (Miskito
Indian whose grandfather was a Black American from Chicago). The summary of this talk is on
www.crisisderechoshumanoshonduras2015.blogspot.com
Griffin, Wendy (2014)”Honduran Garifuna Women Write Tender
and Elegant Poetry” Unpublished article. Includes Xiomara Cacho and Antonieta
Maximo whose father was a Garifuna and her mother was a Black English speaker.
Unpublished article which I need to revise per request of Antonieta and her
sister Norma.
Griffin,
Wendy (2014) “Parte I Autores Isleños o Negros de Habla Inglesa y
Parte II Autores Garifunas” on Spanish blog www.crisisderechoshumanoshonduras2015.blogspot.com
(Includes Artlie Brooks, Orlando Addington, Sabas Whittaker, Antonieta Maximo)
www.angelfire.com/cas/mas/sabas/w003.htm/ This is my Honduras this Week article on
Sabas Whittaker on the occasion of the publication of “Africans in the
Americas”.
Wendy Griffin also did a Honduras this Week article on Black
English speaker painter from La Ceiba, Virginia “Virgie” Castillo, whose
mother’s family was from Jamaica and her father was Ladino. Her Jamaican
grandfather was a carpenter and came over to Honduras to build wooden houses
for the Standard Railroad Company, some of which still stand today in the
American zone of La Ceiba, known as Barrio Mazapan.
Sabas Whittaker has also sent me materials on other
distinguished Black English speakers like his brother Overton Whittaker a
distinguished Black journalist in Honduras, US, and in Germany including being
one of the few Black reporters to cover the Vietnam War, a Black English
speaker Mr. Clark who was Honduran Ambassador to Jamaica and resolved peaceably
an incident of the Honduran military killing with mistreatment a Jamaican
sailor in Honduras, the doctor who was the first director of the Puerto Cortes
Hospital. There have also been important
sports people in Honduras like Mr. Yarwood who were Black English speakers, but
like Garifunas, the Black English speakers would like to be known for something
else besides being soccer players. Black English speakers who were lawyers in
Honduras included Kenneth July Brooks of Trujillo and William Logan of Tela.
Mr. Brooks who recently died was the only lawyer in Trujillo that I never Heard
a gringo tell a story about how he lost his case, or cheated him or did his
legal paperwork done, and he did work for some of the gringos. My articles on the Black English speaking
churches in Honduras, much of it was the interview of Rev. Albert Brooks, who
was a Black English speaker from Tela, but he spent much of his 28 year career
as an Episcopal priest at the Episcopal church in La Ceiba. He ended his career
with the Honduran Episcopal Church as priest in San Pedro Sula. The current
bishop of the Honduran Episcopal church in from the Brooks family of Tela also.
Roatan, Bay Islands retired teacher Arnold Auld for whom the
elementary school in Watering Place outside of Coxen Hole was named was a special informant for my book on the
Isleños and also is mentioned as an informant in the study of Bay Islands
dances in David Flores’s book. The story of his Jamaican father immigrating to
Honduras to teach at the bilingual school in Puerto Castilla during the time of
the Truxillo Railroad, marrying a Black Bay Islander and moving to Roatan is
part of my Oral history Project in honor of the 100th anneversary of the
Truxillo Railroad which is on
NABIPLA The Native Bay Islanders Professionals and Laborers
Association, the ethnic federation of the Bay Islanders is mentioned in most of
my Bay Islander related articles, books, and blogs for example on the gains
related to bilingual intercultural education which is on the blog www.crisisderechoshumanoshonduras2015.blogspot.com The leading members included Dorn Ebanks and
Artlie Brooks mentioned above, the recently deceased teacher and church pastor
Marthell Watler, and Randy Webster, now a pastor for the United Methodist
Church in Honduras and has served English speaking congregations in Puerto
Cortes, La Ceiba, and on Roatan. He was working on a material about Bay Islander
music and dance.
The cancellation of NABIPLA’s personaría jurídica or
corporate chárter is in the list of 5,000 ONG’s cancelados scanned from oficial
copies of La Gazeta, the Honduran government’s newspaper of record, on Sergio
Bahr’s blog out of Honduras. It is also
mentioned in my recent HondurasWeekly.com article on what has happened with
Honduras Coconuts (which were dying due to Lethal Yellowing coconut disease).
Matilde Elizabeth (Betty) Meigham’s family’s story is in the
material on The Past, Present and Future of Honduran English speakers. Betty
Meigham taught high school English in Tegucigalpa after she finished most of a
degree in Spanish at the Escuela Superior del Profesorado, wrote textbooks to
teach English in the high school which she self published at home and sold in
the high school, and then went on to teach 25 years as a university profesor of
English at the UNAH after a short time teaching at the UPN. Another UNAH’s
English profesor Rose Ferguson family’s story is also included in the Past,
Present and Future of Honduran English speakers.
7.d Orlando Addington, a Black English speaker from Tela, wrote the book “Happy Land” about the Bronx
fire where many Garifunas were killed.
7.e Artlie Brooks, author of Black Chest. They are included in the files on Afro-Honduran authors
on www.crisisderechoshumanoshonduras2015.blogspot.com
G.
Books by Authors of Mixed Garifuna and Black English Speaker Background
7. A Sabas Whittaker
Most of his published Works are on Amazon.com
Whittaker, Sabas Tears of Joy, Peace and Harmony
Whittaker, Sabas, While the Fires Burn Within,
Whittaker, Sabas, Vestiges of a Journey
Whittaker, Sabas, A Song for Valentines, a Song for love
poetry to Our hearts.
In his poetry books some of the poems are by his children
who he would take of during the summer. His daughter Onyana Whittaker is a profesional
graphic designer and designed one of his book covers and had designed his
website when it was up. His poem to his
grandmother who was a White Woman from Gran Cayman married to a Black Caymanian
sailor who died at sea is precious. His
grandmother was the one who moved the family from Gran Cayman to the Bay
islands and later tothe North Coast town of Puerto Cortes.
Whittaker, Sabas (2003) Africans in the Americas Our Journey
throughout the world: The Long African Journey Throughout the World Our History
a Short Stop in the Arena. iUniverse. Very interesting and includes the story
of the Garifunas and relations of Black English speakers and Garifunas and
discusses the issue of racial predjudice in the reporting of results of
research.
Whittaker, Sabas
(2003) Away From the
Field: Now and then…A History Behind the
history in the Treatment of mental health
Whittaker, Sabas ( ) Faith in the Field: A Historical
Religious perspective on the Study of Mental Health.
Plays
He has written several plays most of which have been
produced as fund raising benefits such as for the homeless or people living
with AIDS in Conneticut, for example:
Don’t Look down on your brother if you are not going to help
him up.
He also combines painting exhibitions of his paintings,he
now has over 80, together with poetry readings as a fundraiser. He also designs
wooden furniture.
Cd’s
Second Recording was Eternal
Optimist,
Soul Survival, on Sabby Records
Sabas
Whittaker, Flight Of The Phoenix (Dedicated to Middletown,CT)
(both of these have photos)
He has also been an informant for various investigators
about Black English speakers in Honduras such as the following materials.
Sabas is helping me with a study of Honduran Ethnic Groups
and the Banana Companies, in honor of the 100th Anniversary of the Truxillo
Railroad, also with a series of articles on Afro-Honduran sailors, and also
with information on his brother Overton
Whittaker for a series of articles on Afro-Honduran Journalists. His brother was
one of the few Black reporters who covered the Vietnam War, wrote for newspapers
in Honduras, the US and Germany, and started in Radio on the North Coast of
Honduras.
7.b Antonieta Máximo
Maximo, Antonieta (2012) Duda, San Pedro Sula: Editorial
Pacura (a book of poems in Spanish)
CD: Nostalgia: Dedicado a los Emigrantes
Pieza de Teatro hecho Video sobre “Human Trafficking” Los hijos de Paca y Elena
El CD
que tengo es dedicado a los inmigrantes, por eso le puse Nostalgia, yo tengo un
CD aqui, pero si puedes sacarle copia al que tienes esta bien en Honduras tengo
el master., salgo hacia Honduras el sabado 15 de marzo. Puedo dejar con mi hijo
los libros que tengo aca y la gente puede ordenarlos dirigiendose a el la
direccion es
A Gonzalo Blanco.Maximo
484 West 43rd Street Apt.21R
New York, NY 10036
A Gonzalo Blanco.Maximo
484 West 43rd Street Apt.21R
New York, NY 10036
Su celular es
646 228-0642
Estoy muy
interesada en hacer presentaciones del libro en las bibliotecas de USA para los
de habla bilingue. si sabes de algun interesado me avisas o le das mis datos.
En el libro mio estan mis datos como parte de mi hoja de vida. It is also
posible to order CD’s with him.
Antonieta’s sister Norma Maximo is the owner and editor of a
newspaper www.elaguilanews.com
7.c Paula Castillo,the Guatemalan Garifuna Singer who has
recorded 8 CD’s in New York City, is
also of mixed Garifuna and Black English speaker descendant, but her family was
from Jamaica while Sabas’s family and Antonieta’s families were from Gran
Cayman. One of her CD’s was on the ENLACE table for donation during the SALALM
conference. See www.BeingGarifuna.com
for more information about her and other Garifuna singers and musicians.
H. White English speakers on the
North Coast and Bay Islands of Honduras
It must be said that there are
also White English speakers in Honduras, including on the North Coast and in
the Bay Islands. There are two published, but scarce, 19th century books about
accompanying or visiting the Southerns who left the US after the Civil War and
settled in the San Pedro Sula area. There is a book from the end of the 19th
century Utila Then and Now, comparing Utila which mostly had white Bay
islanders with European passports in the 1850’s with how it was in the 1890’s which
I read as part of the microfilmed documents from the Honduran National Archives
at the University of Pittsburgh.
Examples of White English
Speakers in the Truxillo RR Oral History project
Gilberto Izcoa, Elizeth Payne,
John Moran, and I all parts of the history of the Melhados, a Jamaica Sephardic
Jewish family which moved to Honduras after slavery ended in Jamaica. After
briefly being involved with the opal fields in Erandique Lempira, one branch of
the family settled in Trujillo where they were the British Consuls, Lloyds of
London brokers, importers and retail merchants, and at one point both mayor of
Trujillo and British Consul. Another branch of the family settled in Belize
where they were also British Consuls and so ships between Honduras and Europe
usually went from Trujillo to Belize and then Cuba, and then onward. Stories
about them are some of the ones included n the Oral History Project on the
occassion of the 100th anneversary of the Truxillo Railroad project. Johnny Glynn’s family in Trujillo is another
white English speaking family that looms large in the stories of the Garifunas
during the period of the Truxillo Railroad and afterwards. Other white English
speakers figure in the stories of interethnic marriages of Miskito Indians like
Miguel Kelly’s father who came with the Truxillo Railroad, the parrents of
Allen, a Ladino now from La Lima whose father came with the Truxillo Railroad,
and the owners of the Wood store in Coxen Hole, Roatan where the man came from
England, worked a time in the banana companies and married a Black English
speaking woman from Roatan. Stories of
Belinda Linton’s family also flit through the histories of the other residents
of Trujillo. Her grandfather and father
were both American immigrants to Honduras. Eduard Conzemius an immigrant from
Luxembourg who is famous for his ethnographies of Honduran and Nicaraguan Miskitos,
Sumus, Pech (Paya), Garifunas, and apparantly left an unpublished manuscript on
the Bay Islands originally came to NE
Honduras as a worker for the Truxillo Railroad. Doris Zemurray Stone was the
daughter of Samuel Zemurray, eventually president of United Fruit Company and
thus owner of the Truxillo Railroad. Her work on the North Coast of Honduras
includes what is still the basic book on North Coast Archaeology and the first
recording (1954) of Garifuna music,including the Garifuna women of Trujillo and
Puerto Castilla and those near Puerto Cortes, and a 1970’s film about Honduras, including a
Garifuna village. Doris Z. Stone spent
much of her childhood in Central America.
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